Time-lapse optical coherence tomography (OCT) refers to a medical imaging technique that captures a series of sequential OCT scans over time, allowing for the dynamic observation and monitoring of biological tissues or structures. Optical coherence...

An aspheric mirror is an optical mirror surface that deviates from the shape of a perfect sphere, having a non-spherical...

A camera, with a rotating prism, that is capable of forming multiple exposures on a constantly moving strip of film.

A GRIN (gradient index) lens is a type of optical lens that utilizes a gradient in refractive index across its volume rather...

A ring laser gyroscope (RLG) is a type of gyroscope that uses laser light to detect and measure changes in orientation. It...

Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique used in medical and scientific fields to capture...

A fiber optic communications system that works on the principles of homodyning or heterodyning. The transmitting laser...

A frequency comb is a precise and regular series of equally spaced spectral lines, or frequencies, that are generated with...

A filter fluorometer that uses a photomultiplier tube to detect the fluorescence of a sample.

An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...

An assembly of multiple prisms that disperses incident light into its spectral components without deviating light at the...

Spectral flow cytometry is an advanced flow cytometry technique that expands the capabilities of traditional flow cytometry...

An optically bistable device used for photonic switching, constructed of a multiple quantum well biased by an external...

A breakout cable, also known as a fan-out cable or breakout assembly, is a type of cable that combines multiple individual...

The recording and mathematical analysis of all spectral intervals of the spectrometer simultaneously.

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...

Nd:YAG laser refers to a solid-state laser that utilizes neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:Y3Al5O12) as the gain...

A method of studying the chemical and physical properties of atoms and molecules (typically living tissue and chemical...

A reflection hologram using multiple color lasers that integrates various graphical techniques to allow the display of...

Multiple, interconnected circuit elements, contained on or in a common substrate, that function as a unit and not separately.

An optical clock is a highly precise and advanced timekeeping device that relies on the oscillations of electromagnetic...

Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that involves the use of artificial neural networks to model and solve complex...

Whole slide imaging (WSI), also known as virtual slide microscopy or digital pathology, is a technology that involves the...

The principles and techniques involved in the use of telephotometers to measure atmospheric extinction.

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a molecular biology technique used to rapidly amplify specific DNA or RNA...

An atomic force microscope (AFM) is a high-resolution imaging and measurement instrument used in nanotechnology, materials...

The principle that states that optical instrumentation cannot increase the radiance of a source; the radiance of an image...

A flowmeter is a device used to measure the flow rate or quantity of a fluid passing through a particular point in a system....

A CCD device in which a solid-state electron multiplying register has been added to the end of the normal serial register....

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is an advanced imaging technique used in microscopy to obtain high-resolution,...

Holographic tomography is an advanced imaging technique that combines holography and tomography to provide three-dimensional...

A device composed of dissimilar metals that, when welded together, develop a small voltage dependent upon the relative...

An avalanche photodiode in which the light-absorbing area is a low-bandgap material and the PN junction is placed in an area...

A coupling unit that enables more than one transmitter to operate at the same time or separately on the same antenna.

A photodetector, also known as a photosensor or photodiode, is a device that detects and converts light into an electrical...

A nanotube, also known as a nanotubule or simply a tube-like structure, is a nanoscale cylindrical structure composed of...

A gyroscope is a mechanical device consisting of a spinning disk or wheel mounted on a spinning axis in such a way that its...

An optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is a specialized instrument used in optical fiber communications to characterize...

Photochromic refers to a property exhibited by certain materials, typically organic compounds or dyes, which undergo...

Optical design and engineering services involve the development, customization, and optimization of optical systems and...

A device that converts alternating voltage to direct voltage, while at the same time increasing its amplitude.

A synchrotron is a type of particle accelerator that uses magnetic fields to steer charged particles, typically electrons or...

A defect of vision where a single object appears as two. Also known as double vision.

Electron lens consisting of an homogeneous axial electric field.

Intravital microscopy is an imaging technique used to visualize biological processes within living organisms, typically in...

Pixel binning, also known as pixel merging or pixel combining, is a technique used in digital imaging and camera technology....

A Nernst glower, also known simply as a Nernst lamp or Nernst filament, is a type of incandescent lamp or radiant heater...

High dynamic range (HDR) refers to a technology that allows for a broader and more dynamic range of luminosity in visual...

Freeform mirrors refer to reflective optical components that deviate from traditional symmetric or rotationally symmetric...

A well plate, also known as a microplate or microtiter plate, is a flat plate with multiple small wells or depressions...

A holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating that is produced using holographic recording techniques. It consists...

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of optical filter that is inscribed or "written" into the core of an optical fiber. It...

A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive vacuum tube that detects and amplifies low levels of light. It is widely...

Calculation of the probability of an interaction between two types of particles, such as light absorption, excitation or...

A helium-neon (HeNe) laser is a type of gas laser that emits visible red light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. It operates...

A fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is a type of gyroscope that uses the interference of light waves to detect changes in...

Optoelectronics is a branch of electronics that focuses on the study and application of devices and systems that use light...

A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....

The method by which photographic film is scanned by an electron beam. One technique uses the uniform light of a television...

A device that utilizes avalanche multiplication of photocurrent by means of hole-electrons created by absorbed photons. When...

Micro-optical coherence tomography (micro-OCT) is an imaging technique that is an adaptation of optical coherence tomography...

A single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a specialized type of photodetector designed to detect extremely weak optical...

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the manipulation and control of very small fluid volumes, typically...

A device that serves to detect the presence of vacuum ultraviolet radiation. It may be photographic film, a thermopile, ion...

In fiber optics, the condition in which each fiber of a bundle carries a separate channel.

The simplest method of transmission on a local area network. The entire bandwidth of the cable is used to transmit a single...

A type of birefringent filter, similar in principle to the Lyot filter, consisting of many identical birefringent elements,...

Photogrammetry is a technique used to obtain accurate three-dimensional measurements of objects and environments through the...

Characteristic of optical correlators in which invariance to more than one distortion parameter per axis of the processor is...

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry to obtain IR spectra of samples....

The criterion maintaining that if light follows a specific path through an optical system, it will, if reversed, traverse...

Broadband dielectric mirrors, also known as broadband mirrors, are optical coatings designed to efficiently reflect or...

A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or...

Computer vision enables computers to interpret and make decisions based on visual data, such as images and videos. It...

An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera is an advanced imaging device that combines the capabilities of both an...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a laboratory technique used to detect and measure the presence of specific...

The time domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to describe signals in terms of their behavior over...

Phase contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy technique that enhances the contrast of transparent and colorless...

A factor, F, indicating the increase in shot noise in an avalanche photodiode as compared with the ideal multiplier, which...

Quantum efficiency (QE) is a measure of the effectiveness with which a device or system, typically in the context of...

High-voltage, fast-discharge circuit named after its inventor, Erwin Marx. Its capacitors are charged in parallel and...

A device that uses low-level visible radiation or infrared radiation to produce a visual image of a night scene. These...

A lens assembly made up of three lens elements that may or may not be cemented.

Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that measures changes in hemoglobin...

A photodiode detector is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It operates based on the...

A Dammann grating is a type of diffractive optical element (DOE) used to create an array of equally spaced,...

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a technique used in photon counting applications, particularly in the...

FMCW lidar stands for frequency-modulated continuous wave lidar. It is a type of lidar (light detection and ranging)...

A liquid crystal light valve (LCLV), also known as a spatial light modulator (SLM), is an optical device that modulates the...

A telescope lens is a primary optical component of a telescope system that gathers and focuses light to form an image. It is...

A MEMS fiber optic switch is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device designed to selectively route optical signals...

Image enhancement operations that involve altering gray-scale values. For instance, brightness sliding involves adding or...

A discipline that combines optics and genetics to enable the use of light to stimulate and control cells in living tissue,...

A connection, typically made up of one or more cables, between a laser head and a separate power supply. Flexible pipes or...

An optical instrument used to track and image a test vehicle (target) throughout its flight. The cinesextant frequently...

A photon sieve is an optical device used in the field of optics and imaging. It's designed to focus and shape light,...

A general-purpose lens, also known as the Celor lens, used widely in photography and commercial processing; it has the form...

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is an advanced fluorescence microscopy technique that leverages the...

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for high-resolution, in vivo imaging...

A technique used to create an achromatic phase shift based on the principle of geometric phase. The phase shift is...

The principle stating that two diffraction screens, one being exactly the negative of the other, will form the same...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive analytical technique that uses the near-infrared region of the...

The process or device by which more than one signal can be sent over a single channel by using different time intervals for...

Design and engineering consulting services refer to professional services provided by specialized firms or individuals to...

A quantum cascade laser (QCL) is a type of semiconductor laser that operates based on the principles of quantum mechanics....

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) is a powerful technique that combines Raman spectroscopy with the enhanced spatial...

One class of nonlinear space-invariant transformation processes used for processing convolved and multiplied signals.

A computerized token-passing local area network (LAN) configuration adopted by General Motors for real time control over the...

Relative to the Cotton-Mouton effect, the magnetic birefringence constant that, when multiplied by pathlength and the square...

A technique for confining atoms, molecules or small particles within one or more laser beams. This can be accomplished...

An image intensifier, also known as an image intensification tube or image intensification device, is a specialized...

Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating structural units called monomers. These monomers are chemically bonded...

A defect in the cleaved end face of an optical fiber, defined as multiple surface irregularities across the fiber surface. A...

An optical channel monitor (OCM) is a device used in optical communication systems to monitor and analyze the performance of...

Ray tracing is a rendering technique used in computer graphics to simulate the way light interacts with objects in a scene....

A fiber optic sensor is a device that uses optical fibers to detect and measure physical, chemical, biological, or...

An aspheric lens is a type of lens whose surface profiles deviate from the traditional spherical shape. Unlike spherical...

The term quantum refers to the fundamental unit or discrete amount of a physical quantity involved in interactions at the...

Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that integrates digital information, typically in the form of computer-generated...

Spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) is an optical microscopy technique that belongs to the category of quantitative...

A device consisting of a disc with a spiral arrangement of holes that is used to convert visible patterns into electrical...

A computer architecture used in parallel processing whereby the processing elements are directed by a single, central...

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter...

A holographic camera, also known as a holographic imaging system or holographic recorder, is a specialized device used to...

The simplest lens in which all primary aberrations may be corrected. It consists of two positive crown elements on either...

A coherent fiber bundle (CFB), also known as a coherent fiber optic bundle, is an assembly of multiple optical fibers...

The combination of two or more signals for transmission along a single wire, path or carrier. In most optical communication...

A spectrometric instrument that detects radiation simultaneously in multiple channels, sorts it spectrally from the deep...

Ferroelectric materials are a type of dielectric materials that exhibit spontaneous electric polarization, meaning they...

A factor that, when multiplied by the average candlepower emitted by a light source in a specified angular zone, reveals the...

A measurement method for reflectance by gas ionization in which light passes through a vapor before and after reflection....

Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is a specialized technique in biophysics and molecular...

A terahertz spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to measure and analyze the properties of materials in the terahertz...

One or more optical elements – typically cemented together - in an optical system that are treated as a single group;...

Retroreflection is a phenomenon in optics where light is reflected back toward its source, typically in a direction nearly...

An instrument consisting essentially of a tube 160 mm long, with an objective lens at the distant end and an eyepiece at the...

The theory established by Christian J. Doppler in 1842 that states that the rate of change in distance between a perceiver...

Also known as gatling gun laser. A system that has an array of lasers sharing a common central axis on a rotating Fabry...

A medical imaging device that uses a ring of crystal/photomultiplier tube assemblies encircling the patient to detect gamma...

Lensless microscopy, also known as computational or holographic microscopy, is an imaging technique that captures and...

A wave that is guided by the interface between two different media or by a refractive index gradient in the medium. The...

Fluorescent proteins are proteins that exhibit the property of fluorescence, which is the ability to absorb light at a...

A galvanometric scanner, also known as a galvanometer scanner or galvo scanner, is a type of optical scanning device used to...

Three-photon microscopy is an advanced imaging technique that belongs to the family of multi-photon microscopy methods. It...

The variation of the electronically detected signal with respect to the scaled version of the classical optical signal...

Multi-axis alignment refers to the process of aligning or adjusting components or systems in multiple spatial dimensions or...

Also referred to as physical optics - the area of optics in which the wave nature of light is essential when defining its...

Nanoparticle photonic resonator absorption microscopy is a microscopy technique that combines the principles of photonic...

A fluorescent screen refers to a phosphorescent or fluorescent-coated surface that emits visible light when exposed to other...

Multispectral imaging is a technique that involves capturing and analyzing images at multiple discrete spectral bands within...

A photoelectric detector consisting of a glass tube internally coated with a low conductance material. Voltage applied along...

A phase-modulated sensor is a type of sensor that uses modulation of the phase of a signal to measure changes in a physical...

Spectral repeatability refers to the consistency and reproducibility of spectral measurements across multiple trials or...

Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a specialized optical fiber that features two concentric cladding layers surrounding a core. The...

A magnetometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the strength and/or direction of a magnetic field. It can detect...

A device using the Kerr effect to read back the signals from mechanically recorded tapes and discs. It consists of a light...

The multiple beam form of Brewster's fringes formed when the two plane-parallel plates have high-reflecting surfaces.

An array or mosaic of optical surfaces. May be a number of lenses closely packed to form multiple images or many parallel...

A device for detecting visual and infrared radiation using a photoconductor as the principle sensing element.

A CubeSat is a type of miniaturized satellite characterized by its standardized size and modular design. CubeSats are...

A microbubble resonator is a device used in photonics and optical physics for the precise manipulation of light waves. It...

Bohr's formulation that every new theoretical principle must correspond to the salient classical predecessor. The principle...

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a technology that is used to convert printed or handwritten text into...

Radiation emitted from vibrating charged particles. A combination of oscillating electrical and magnetic fields that...

A well-corrected flat-field eyepiece with good eye relief. Similar to a Huygenian.

A Pockels cell, also known as an electro-optic modulator, is an optical device used to control the polarization of light by...

Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...

A qubit, short for quantum bit, is the fundamental unit of information in quantum computing and quantum information...

An OLED display formed by creating an array of OLED pixels connected by intersecting anode and cathode conductors arranged...

A light valve that uses a crystal as the control layer medium and that operates on the principle of the electro-optic effect.

Single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a group of super-resolution microscopy techniques that surpass the...

A pollution-measuring device used to detect the presence of nitric oxide regardless of other gases present. It utilizes the...

The principle that a light ray extending from one point to another will, after any number of reflections and refractions,...

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a powerful imaging instrument used in scientific research, materials...

A factor derived by equating the incident light on the subject to the required incident light for suitable photography. The...

A fiber optic imaging bundle is a specialized optical device composed of multiple optical fibers bundled together. Each...

Metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength-scale artificial structures, often referred to as meta-atoms or...

A computer architecture used in parallel processing whereby all the processing elements are operating under their own local...

A high-speed motion camera, also known as a high-speed camera or slow-motion camera, is a specialized imaging device...

An infrared lens is an optical component specifically designed and optimized for transmitting, focusing, or manipulating...

Discipline within optical physics that addresses sound vibration, phonon effects and their influencing behavior within...

Supercontinuum refers to a broad spectrum of light that spans a wide range of wavelengths, typically from the visible to the...

Integrated photonics is a field of study and technology that involves the integration of optical components, such as lasers,...

A fiber optic transceiver, often simply referred to as an "optical transceiver," is a device used in fiber optic...

A source that attempts to create the characteristics of an ideal blackbody. It consists of a cavity, generally spherical,...

The principle stating that the displacement of spectrum lines is determined by the distance between, and relative velocity...

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method of secure communication that utilizes principles from quantum mechanics to...

Cold atoms refer to atoms that have been cooled to extremely low temperatures, typically in the microkelvin (µK) to...

A lateral shearing interferometer is an optical device used in interferometry to measure phase differences between two beams...

A set of mirrors mounted on solenoids to move them into and out of the path of a laser beam, making it possible for multiple...

A laser using a dye solution as the active medium whose resonator is formed into a ring (or a triangle or another shape) by...

A grating beamsplitter is an optical device that utilizes the principles of diffraction to split a beam of light into...

A diffraction grating is an optical component consisting of a surface with a periodic structure of equally spaced, parallel...

In an avalanche photodiode, the gain multiplied by the signal frequency in MHz.

In the context of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing, a wafer refers to a thin, flat disk or substrate made of a...

1. To center an image or place it in any part of the television screen desired. Also applies to stills. 2. A single image of...

Chromatic aberration is an optical phenomenon that occurs when different wavelengths (colors) of light are refracted by a...

A fiber optic cable assembly refers to a complete unit consisting of optical fibers, connectors, protective jackets, and...

A waveguide is a physical structure or device that is designed to confine and guide electromagnetic waves, such as radio...

A spatial light modulator (SLM) is an optical device that modulates or manipulates the amplitude, phase, or polarization of...

In optics and photonics, "phase" refers to a property of electromagnetic waves, such as light, that describes the position...

A powerful and flexible machine-learning approach that can be used in machine vision to help solve difficult problems....

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a nondestructive analytical technique used to investigate the optical properties...

A scintillation detector is a radiation detection device that utilizes scintillation crystals to detect and measure ionizing...

An atomic clock is a highly precise timekeeping device that uses the vibrations or oscillations of atoms as a reference for...

In optics, "mode beating" refers to an interference phenomenon that can occur in laser systems with multiple longitudinal...

A neuromorphic vision sensor is a type of imaging device designed to mimic the structure and functioning of the human visual...

1. A geometrical arrangement of two or more light beams for use in laser shows, object detection or other applications...

Also known as RAMP microscopy, random access multiphoton microscopy is a microscopic technique that uses multiple...

A photovoltaic device that consists of multiple p-n junctions to produce a greater efficiency when in use than that of...

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics, particularly in...

A lens derived from the Cooke triplet anastigmat, but with one of the crown elements split in two, resulting in improved...

Laser optics refers to a broad category of optical components and systems designed for manipulating and controlling laser...

A free-electron laser (FEL) is a type of laser that generates coherent, high-intensity electromagnetic radiation by using a...

A direct reading spectrograph having a photomultiplier assembly in place of a photographic plate. The output from the...

The multiple storage of a single image.

CoaXPress (CoaXPress or CXP) is a standardized digital interface and communication protocol used primarily in machine vision...

Separating two or more signals that have been combined into one signal.

Referred to as SWCNTs, these cylindrical nanostructures composed of a folded sheet of graphene can be used as near-infrared...

Optical switching refers to the process of controlling the routing or transmission of optical signals within a network using...

A device consisting of two optical systems in which two signals are simultaneously transformed to produce their spectra, and...

Neuromorphic refers to the design and development of computing systems or devices that are inspired by the structure and...

A type of interferometer noted for producing narrow multiple-beam interference fringes. As a result, when compared with the...

Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of...

Spectroscopy is a technique used in the study of interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiation. It involves...

A scintillation crystal, also known simply as a scintillator, is a material that emits light when it interacts with ionizing...

CID, or charge injection device, camera refers to a type of imaging device that utilizes a specific kind of solid-state...

High harmonic generation (HHG) refers to a nonlinear optical process in which intense laser light interacts with a gaseous...

The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is an optical device used for measuring the wavefront aberrations of an optical system....

A time-to-amplitude converter (TAC) is an electronic circuit that converts a time interval between two events into an...

Multiple scattering method used in biological analysis in which approximations yield simple, explicit solutions, at least...

STED microscopy, or stimulated emission depletion microscopy, is a superresolution imaging technique in fluorescence...

Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) is a technique that extends traditional Raman spectroscopy by incorporating...

A container which secures multiple splice trays and protects the trays and their contents from damage.

The natural log of the ratio of absorbed intensity over the total intensity which gives a constant value assuming a stable...

A cable that incorporates multiple fibers, jacketed side by side in a ribbonlike form.

The action of a biological system responding to a single or multiple coherent particles of light produced from a laser...

A retroreflector is an optical device or structure that reflects incident light or electromagnetic waves back to their...

An optical combiner, in the context of optics and display technologies, refers to a device or component that combines...

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional environment or experience that can be...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...

Label-free refers to a technique or method that does not require the use of additional labels, tags, or markers to detect or...

Volumetric imaging refers to the capture, visualization, and analysis of three-dimensional (3D) information from a volume of...

Diamond turning, also known as diamond machining or diamond cutting, is a precision machining process used to produce...

In the dye laser, the molecule that takes out energy from the triplet state during collisions between the dye and quencher...

A camera that uses multiple exposures to record the trajectory of an ordnance from a ground-level position.

Contains the light or beam path within a laser device. The oscillator uses reflective optical components that are oriented...

An instrument used to record rapidly varying currents or voltages. An oscillograph may consist of a cathode-ray tube...

Resonance can be defined in various contexts, including physics, chemistry, and music. Here are definitions for resonance in...

A block that can hold more than one lens or blank.

The term "excimer," strictly used, refers to excited species made by combination of two identical moieties, atoms...

A measurement technique used to determine the spatial distribution profile of an electrical or optical quantity of interest...

Also known as corner-cube reflector or retrodirective reflector. Three reflecting surfaces, perpendicular to each other,...

In photography, the technique of taking multiple pictures of the same subject at different exposures to compensate for...

A phototube in which the primary photoemission current, before being extracted at the anode, is multiplied many times.

A multiple-beam interferometer, usually consisting of two flat plates, with high reflective ability. The plates are set...

A camera tube widely used in television broadcasting. It consists of three sections within a single vacuum envelope. 1. A...

A vacuum chamber is a sealed enclosure from which air and other gases are removed to create a low-pressure environment,...

Flow chemistry, also known as continuous-flow chemistry, is a chemical manufacturing process where reactions take place in a...

Thermography is a technique that involves the use of an infrared imaging device, called a thermal camera or infrared camera,...

Fluence is a term used in various scientific and technical disciplines to describe the amount of something per unit area....

Micro-robotics refers to the field of robotics that involves the design, development, and application of miniature robotic...

A monochromator is an optical instrument used to isolate and select a narrow range of wavelengths from a broader spectrum of...

A method of data multiplexing that can provide large, instantaneous bandwidths for busy traffic while permitting slow...

An analysis used for problems of wave propagation. The principle notes that each point of an advancing wavefront is the...

A dichroic mirror, also known as a dichroic beamsplitter or interference filter beamsplitter, is an optical device that...

Harmonic generation refers to a nonlinear optical process in which incoming photons interact with a material and produce new...

3D Laser Triangulation - A technology that allows sensors to probe the surroundings. Laser triangulation systems have an...

An instrument designed to measure radiation indirectly through the use of several phosphors and a photomultiplier tube. The...

A semiconductor laser that operates in the infrared and that is pumped with strong pulses of radiation from a second laser....

Scalar diffraction theory is a simplified approach used to describe the propagation of electromagnetic waves, particularly...

Micro-optics refers to the design, fabrication, and application of optical components and systems at a microscale level....

A device, also called a fluorescence lifetime instrument, that measures decay curves of fluorescing samples. It generally...

A character generation CRT that functions on the principle of secondary emission. The target holds a set of aluminum...

Calorimetry is a branch of science that involves the measurement of heat flow in physical or chemical processes. It...

A technique based on the principles of laser trapping and used to manipulate the position of small particles by gradually...

An assembly of prototype instruments, equipment and/or software designed to perform all the functions of a concept or idea...

A micro-ring resonator is a compact optical device that utilizes the resonant behavior of light within a small ring-shaped...

A microchannel plate (MCP) is a specialized electron multiplier device used in various applications such as particle...

A laser cavity, also known as an optical cavity or resonator, is a fundamental component of a laser system. It is a confined...

A transparent plate ruled with black lines and equal, clear spaces. It is used as a multiple knife-edge for testing a...

Optofluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from optics and fluidics to create devices and systems...

The use of thin flexible glass or plastic fibers as wave guides — or "light pipes" — to channel light from one...

Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) refers to a technology that converts heat energy into electricity using the principles of...

An etalon is an optical device that consists of two parallel reflecting surfaces separated by a precise and known distance....

A laser rangefinder is a device that uses laser technology to measure the distance between the device and a target. It...

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique used to detect changes in blood volume in tissues. It...

Reflectance spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the reflective properties of materials across various wavelengths of...

The area of optics in which the propagation of light is described by geometrical lines (or rays) governed by Fermat's...

Etaloning is an optical phenomenon that occurs in imaging systems, particularly in devices such as spectrometers,...

A system that uses a continuous-wave laser to measure the velocity of an object by focusing the laser beam on the object,...

A specific form of phase shifting interferometry - commonly referred to as multiple wavelength phase shifting interferometry...

The number of electrons that can share a principal quantum number by preventing identity between any two electrons' four...

The Weissenberg method, named after the German physicist Karl Weissenberg, is a technique used in x-ray crystallography for...

Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast microscopy, is an optical...

A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is a compact and integrated device that incorporates multiple photonic components and...

An aplanatic surface is an optical surface that is specifically designed or shaped to minimize spherical aberration and...

A nonradiative transition refers to a process in which an electron or an atom undergoes a change in its energy state without...

An autocollimator is an optical instrument used for measuring small angular deviations with high precision. It operates on...

An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) is an analytical instrument used to determine the concentration of specific chemical...

An optical filter is a device that selectively transmits or blocks specific wavelengths, or colors, of light. Optical...

An experimental research technique by which absorbed or unabsorbed radiation is analyzed in order to characterize and...

A fiber optic device that uses a HeNe laser, beamsplitter, monochromator and photomultiplier to detect trace levels of...

Chip-on-board (COB) lights refer to a type of LED lighting technology where multiple LED chips are directly mounted onto a...

Phototheranostics, a portmanteau of "photo" (light), "therapy," and "diagnostics," refers to an emerging field that combines...

A camera that uses a rotating mirror to project sequential images onto lenses that are arranged in an arc. The reflected...

The series of equally spaced parallel slits that make up a scanning aperture in place of a single slit, in the scanning of a...

Lidar, short for light detection and ranging, is a remote sensing technology that uses laser light to measure distances and...

Free-space optics (FSO), also known as optical wireless communication or optical wireless networking, refers to the...

A scientific CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera is a type of digital camera specifically designed for...

An accelerometer is a sensor or transducer that measures the rate of change of velocity of an object, or in simpler terms,...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics and biomedical research to obtain...

Birefringence is an optical property of certain materials that causes them to exhibit different refractive indices for light...

An InGaAs photodiode refers to a photodetector device that is constructed using a semiconductor material composed of a...

In optics, a motion controller refers to a device or system that precisely controls the movement of optical components, such...

A monolithic laser diode incorporating multiple coupled emitters.

The sine of the vertex angle of the largest cone of meridional rays that can enter or leave an optical system or element,...

A laser having a Q-switching method that allows separate parallel volumes of the lasing material to act independently of...

Cathode radiant sensitivity refers to the ability of a photocathode to convert incident radiant energy, typically in the...

A ruggedized scintillation counter used in oil well logging. The cylindrical housing contains a gamma ray source, a...

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a therapeutic approach that utilizes the combination of light, a photosensitizer, and...

A crystal-based device that combines and adjusts the intensities of multiple wavelengths of laser light in order to obtain...

A polygonal mirror, also known as a multifaceted mirror or facet mirror, is a type of optical component used in various...

Holography is a technique used to capture and reconstruct three-dimensional images using the principles of interference and...

Structural color refers to coloration in materials that is not caused by pigments or dyes but is instead a result of the...

An electrowetting display (EWD) is a type of electronic display technology that utilizes the principles of electrowetting to...

An imaging technique used in radiology that is based on the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to produce...

The term "metaverse" refers to a collective virtual shared space, created by the convergence of virtually enhanced physical...

Linear optics refers to the study and manipulation of light in a linear and deterministic manner, where the response of...

A corner cube, also known as a corner reflector or retroreflector prism, is a type of optical device used to reflect light...

FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer is a powerful analytical instrument used to obtain an infrared spectrum of...

The constant that, multiplied by the frequency of the radiation-producing emission of photoelectrons, determines the amount...

Flow cytometry is a powerful technique used in biology and medicine for the quantitative analysis of the physical and...

The frequency domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to represent signals and data in terms of their...

A group of related lines that represent transitions between two spectroscopic terms, each of which may be complex. Also in...

Single wavelength source with a larger linewidth often containing multiple longitudinal modes.

Phase matching is a crucial concept in the field of optics, particularly in nonlinear optics and the generation of coherent...

LiFi, short for light fidelity, is a wireless communication technology that utilizes visible light or infrared light to...

The holographic recording of sequences of high-speed phenomena. With a multiple beam laser, multiple holograms that depict...

Also called proximity focus image intensifier. A compact image intensifier that utilizes a microchannel plate...

A telescopic eyepiece that produces a field of view between 40° and 50°. The eyepiece consists of a single element...

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) refers to a phenomenon in wave physics, particularly in optics, where waves, such as light or...

A small optical polishing machine intended for polishing the surface of a metal specimen before etching for examination...

Noise generated in the flow of current in the photomultiplier, produced by the intentional or controlled application of...

A lens similar to the Cooke triplet anastigmat, with the rear crown achromatized for improved coverage and definition. It is...

Parallel scanning refers to a method of acquiring data or images simultaneously from multiple sources or in parallel, rather...

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a miniaturized device that integrates various laboratory functions and capabilities onto a single,...

A fiber laser is a type of laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth ions such as...

1. A defect inherent in a multiple-axis positioning system whereby an adjustment of one axis causes an undesired change in...

A photographic objective that uses the thick meniscus principle to obtain its power. It is designed to photograph small...

In the context of optics and lasers, a transverse mode refers to a specific spatial pattern of the electric field within the...

A sequential scanning device, utilizing a revolving lens, in which the cathode-ray tube image is transformed into a circle...

Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) is a superresolution microscopy technique that enables imaging of...

A spectral signature, in the context of remote sensing and spectroscopy, refers to the unique pattern or characteristic...

The technique of generating ultrashort -- down to subpicosecond -- pulses by pumping a dye laser with mode-locked laser...

An electron tube that is used as a camera tube for a television system. When the picture to be transmitted is focused on a...

Metrology is the science and practice of measurement. It encompasses the theoretical and practical aspects of measurement,...

A blue diode laser is a type of semiconductor laser that emits light in the blue wavelength range of the electromagnetic...

Multiple exposures of holograms, one for each position of a vibrating image, that are used for vibration analysis and that...

A silicon photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It is a type of photodetector...

Fluorescence microscopy is a specialized optical imaging technique used in biology, chemistry, and materials science to...

A system incorporated into fiber optic data communications characterized by several spatially distributed terminals that are...

The principle that electronic energy transitions occur at such speeds that the nuclei of the atoms in the molecular system...

A femtosecond laser is a type of laser that emits ultrashort pulses of light with durations on the order of femtoseconds,...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an analytical technique that combines the principles of Raman spectroscopy...

A computer-generated hologram (CGH) is a holographic image produced using computational methods and algorithms, rather than...

A rangefinder used to determine the height or altitude of aerial targets by means of optical triangulation. The device...

A projection printer that is capable of reproducing a multiplicity of images from a master transparency on a single support...

A system that allows the transmission of more than one signal over a common path, by assigning each signal a different...

Optical fiber optic switches are devices used in optical fiber communication systems to selectively route optical signals...

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a manufacturing process that builds three-dimensional objects...

The auxiliary electrode in a photomultiplier that gives rise to secondary emission and amplification when bombarded by...

A molecular motor refers to a nano-sized device composed of organic molecules or other small-scale components that can...

A compound lens consisting of two negative lenses of flint glass. A double-convex lens of crown glass is cemented between...

Spherical aberration is an optical aberration that occurs when light rays passing through a lens or curved optical surface...

A technique that combines two or more imaging processes in order to minimize the disadvantages within each of the...

A mixed-signal oscilloscope (MSO) is a type of electronic test instrument that combines the capabilities of both a...

A type of multiple-pass amplifier in which no optical leakage is allowed until a finite number of passes has occurred; at...

A laser, which stands for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation," is a device that produces coherent and...

An APD detector, or avalanche photodiode detector, is a type of photodetector used to detect light or optical signals by...