A near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the absorption, transmission, or reflection of light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) involves the...

Developed for use in military reconnaissance systems, it consists of a polygonal mirror, drive motor, interface between...

A sensor module used in advanced pattern recognition systems, containing signal-processing integrated circuits stacked and...

An infrared source, set in a stationary position, that is used as a reference in certain navigational systems.

A Ti:sapphire laser is a type of solid-state laser that utilizes a titanium-doped sapphire crystal as the gain medium. The...

A MEMS fiber optic switch is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device designed to selectively route optical signals...

Indium phosphide (InP) is a compound semiconductor material composed of indium (In) and phosphorus (P). It belongs to the...

Meta-optics, also known as metasurface optics or flat optics, is a branch of optics that involves the design, fabrication,...

A metabolite is any small molecule that is a product of metabolism, the chemical processes that occur within living...

An infrared camera, also known as a thermal imaging camera or IR camera, is a device that captures and visualizes the...

3D Laser Triangulation - A technology that allows sensors to probe the surroundings. Laser triangulation systems have an...

A magnetometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the strength and/or direction of a magnetic field. It can detect...

A diffraction grating is an optical component consisting of a surface with a periodic structure of equally spaced, parallel...

Collisional absorption of energy that occurs in inertial confinement fusion systems when hydrodynamic expansion of the...

A visual system including a tiny television tube and imaging optics, all contained in a helmet to be worn by pilots in...

Also called DLIP, a high-speed, high-resolution processing technique that uses high-power, pulsed laser systems to directly...

In the context of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing, a wafer refers to a thin, flat disk or substrate made of a...

Technology that corrects the shape of reflective optics; primarily applied in large telescope systems, in order to...

Laser optics refers to a broad category of optical components and systems designed for manipulating and controlling laser...

In optical character recognition systems, the identification of a character facilitated by means of known factors governing...

A soft, malleable, stable rare-earth element. Holmium laser systems are used in surgical procedures involving the cutting...

The term half bandwidth (HBW) generally refers to the width of a spectral band or frequency range at half of its maximum...

A microdisplay is a miniature electronic display technology that is designed to project visual information onto a small...

A viewfinder whose optical system forms a direct image of a subject, as opposed to those systems that use reflectance in the...

In vivo is a Latin term that translates to "within the living." In scientific contexts, particularly in biology and...

Supercontinuum refers to a broad spectrum of light that spans a wide range of wavelengths, typically from the visible to the...

A qubit, short for quantum bit, is the fundamental unit of information in quantum computing and quantum information...

Remote inspection refers to the process of inspecting, evaluating, or monitoring assets, equipment, infrastructure, or...

A laser diode module is a compact device that incorporates a laser diode, optics, and often other components into a single...

Superresolution refers to the enhancement or improvement of the spatial resolution beyond the conventional limits imposed by...

In fiber optic communications systems, generally one that operates between 1000 and 1700 nm.

Lensless microscopy, also known as computational or holographic microscopy, is an imaging technique that captures and...

The vertical angular disparity between the lines of sight of the left and right systems in a binocular instrument....

A CCD image sensor, or charge-coupled device image sensor, is a type of electronic device used to convert optical images...

Gallium nitride-based light-emitting diodes (GaN-based LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric...

The laser damage threshold refers to the maximum level of laser intensity that a material can withstand without experiencing...

The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is an optical device used for measuring the wavefront aberrations of an optical system....

A machine vision system is an integrated combination of hardware and software components designed to capture, process, and...

An optical instrument used to determine the distance to a target being viewed. Two similar optical systems view the target...

A detector and signal demodulator used in optical communications systems to receive a signal and often to translate it into...

Automated optical inspection (AOI) is a technology used in manufacturing processes, particularly in electronics, to...

A linear positioning stage, also known as a linear stage or translation stage, is a precision mechanical device used to...

A molecular motor refers to a nano-sized device composed of organic molecules or other small-scale components that can...

A GRIN (gradient index) lens is a type of optical lens that utilizes a gradient in refractive index across its volume rather...

An image intensifier, also known as an image intensification tube or image intensification device, is a specialized...

A device composed of a light source and phototube used to scan a moving strip of material in photoelectric side-register...

An aspheric mirror is an optical mirror surface that deviates from the shape of a perfect sphere, having a non-spherical...

A transducer is a device or component that converts one form of energy into another. It is commonly used in various fields,...

A quantum cascade laser (QCL) is a type of semiconductor laser that operates based on the principles of quantum mechanics....

Ultraviolet (UV) fiber optics refers to optical fibers that are designed and optimized for the transmission of ultraviolet...

An optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is a specialized instrument used in optical fiber communications to characterize...

1. In visual perception, the minimum value of stimulus that can be perceived on the average. 2. In optical detection...

A nonradiative transition refers to a process in which an electron or an atom undergoes a change in its energy state without...

A holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating that is produced using holographic recording techniques. It consists...

Brillouin scattering is a phenomenon in physics where an incident electromagnetic wave (usually light) interacts with...

An optical filter is a device that selectively transmits or blocks specific wavelengths, or colors, of light. Optical...

An optical clock is a highly precise and advanced timekeeping device that relies on the oscillations of electromagnetic...

Neuromorphic refers to the design and development of computing systems or devices that are inspired by the structure and...

A magnon is a quasiparticle representing a quantized spin wave in a magnetic material. In other words, it is a collective...

A rotating component with a series of flat reflective surfaces around the perimeter that is used in scanning systems to...

Optical phase distortion refers to a phenomenon where the phase of an optical wavefront is altered as it propagates through...

Optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent strand or filament made of glass or plastic used for transmitting light...

A polygonal mirror, also known as a multifaceted mirror or facet mirror, is a type of optical component used in various...

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) refers to a specific range of ultraviolet radiation with shorter wavelengths than those of visible...

Diamond turning refers to a precision machining process used to produce complex optical components, particularly lenses and...

A spatial light modulator (SLM) is an optical device that modulates or manipulates the amplitude, phase, or polarization of...

A waveguide is a physical structure or device that is designed to confine and guide electromagnetic waves, such as radio...

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a technology that is used to convert printed or handwritten text into...

The use of optical or electronic recording systems to extract information from the terrain, while aloft, for reconnaissance...

A YAG crystal refers to a solid-state crystal made of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), which is a synthetic crystalline...

The field of view (FOV) refers to the extent of the observable world or the visible area that can be seen at any given...

An optical diffuser is an optical component or material designed to scatter or diffuse light that passes through it. It is...

A laser crystal, also known as an active medium or gain medium, is a solid-state material used in the construction of...

A CubeSat is a type of miniaturized satellite characterized by its standardized size and modular design. CubeSats are...

Germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) refers to a specific range of UV radiation that has disinfectant properties capable of killing...

Biometrics refers to the automated recognition of individuals based on their physiological or behavioral characteristics....

An aplanatic surface is an optical surface that is specifically designed or shaped to minimize spherical aberration and...

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of optical filter that is inscribed or "written" into the core of an optical fiber. It...

The application of observed operational processes of sophisticated living organisms to mechanical and electrical systems in...

A grating beamsplitter is an optical device that utilizes the principles of diffraction to split a beam of light into...

Operation in which the dispersion of a pulse limits the distance between repeaters in optical systems. Waveguide and...

A blackbody source, often simply referred to as a blackbody, is a theoretical or practical physical object that absorbs all...

Integration time, in the context of optics, imaging systems, and sensor technology, refers to the duration over which a...

A device used to measure power loss in fiber optic connectors, cables or systems.

A photon sieve is an optical device used in the field of optics and imaging. It's designed to focus and shape light,...

Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a specialized optical fiber that features two concentric cladding layers surrounding a core. The...

A type of spectroscopy used extensively in the analysis of biological samples. Because most biologically synthesized...

A custom optic refers to an optical component that is designed, manufactured, and tailored to meet specific requirements or...

LiFi, short for light fidelity, is a wireless communication technology that utilizes visible light or infrared light to...

The condition in which there are more atomic systems in the upper of two energy levels than in the lower, so stimulated...

Cathode radiant sensitivity refers to the ability of a photocathode to convert incident radiant energy, typically in the...

Hyperspectral imaging is an advanced imaging technique that captures and processes information from across the...

A vacuum chamber is a sealed enclosure from which air and other gases are removed to create a low-pressure environment,...

The alignment process that makes the optical axes of two related systems parallel to each other. Also, making the optical...

A device consisting of two optical systems in which two signals are simultaneously transformed to produce their spectra, and...

A photodetector, also known as a photosensor or photodiode, is a device that detects and converts light into an electrical...

A PIN photodiode is a type of photodetector or semiconductor device used to convert light signals into electrical signals....

An atomic clock is a highly precise timekeeping device that uses the vibrations or oscillations of atoms as a reference for...

A high-contrast transparency of the gas sought, or an array of exit slits that correlates with some features of the...

A high-speed motion camera, also known as a high-speed camera or slow-motion camera, is a specialized imaging device...

A network interface card (NIC), also known as a network adapter or LAN adapter, is a hardware component that allows...

Developing a photographic image by means of an applied electric field. The methods used include electrolysis and...

A lateral shearing interferometer is an optical device used in interferometry to measure phase differences between two beams...

A corner cube, also known as a corner reflector or retroreflector prism, is a type of optical device used to reflect light...

A Fresnel lens is a type of optical lens that consists of a series of concentric grooves or steps carved into a flat, thin...

Augmented reality (AR) is a technology that integrates digital information, typically in the form of computer-generated...

The term "embedded laser" typically refers to a laser device that is integrated or embedded into a larger system or...

Continuous wave (CW) refers to a type of signal or transmission where the signal is constant and does not vary with time. In...

Optical components exceeding 24 in. in diameter. The components are usually glass, acrylic or polystyrene and are used for...

Gallium nitride (GaN) is a compound made up of gallium (Ga) and nitrogen (N). It is a wide-bandgap semiconductor material...

Degradation factor in coherent light systems where the amplitude of the recorded signal is decreased as the number of object...

A scanning laser radar system applied to transmission and concentration analysis in three dimensions of clouds as well as...

An electron-beam lithography (EBL) system is a sophisticated nanofabrication tool used in the semiconductor industry and...

In laser systems, the granular effect that is noted when observing the expanded cross section of a laser beam.

Topological photonics is a branch of physics and optics that explores the application of topological concepts to the...

The Kerr effect, named after the physicist John Kerr who first observed it in 1875, is a nonlinear optical phenomenon where...

Micro-optics refers to the design, fabrication, and application of optical components and systems at a microscale level....

Piezoelectric transducers are devices that utilize the piezoelectric effect to convert electrical energy into mechanical...

Optical glass refers to a type of glass specifically engineered and manufactured for use in optical components and systems,...

A lens blank is a piece of optical material in a raw, unfinished state, typically in the form of a disk or block, from which...

Extremely small organic and inorganic systems of molecules within a substance. In general, systems are colloidal size in...

Plastic optical fiber (POF) is a type of optical fiber made from transparent plastic, typically polymethylmethacrylate...

A time-to-amplitude converter (TAC) is an electronic circuit that converts a time interval between two events into an...

The frequency domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to represent signals and data in terms of their...

A point cloud is a set of data points in a three-dimensional coordinate system, where each point represents a specific...

A digital twin refers to a virtual representation or digital counterpart of a physical object, system, or process. This...

Van der Waals forces refer to the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules (or parts of molecules) that arise from...

Piezoelectric motion systems are mechanical systems that utilize piezoelectric materials to generate controlled motion or...

An InGaAs photodiode refers to a photodetector device that is constructed using a semiconductor material composed of a...

Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...

Volumetric imaging refers to the capture, visualization, and analysis of three-dimensional (3D) information from a volume of...

An electro-optic modulator (EOM) is a device used to modulate the amplitude, phase, or polarization of light waves using an...

A polariton is a quasiparticle resulting from the strong coupling between photons (light particles) and certain types of...

The time domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to describe signals in terms of their behavior over...

An optical gate typically refers to a device or system that controls the transmission of light, allowing it to pass through...

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the manipulation and control of very small fluid volumes, typically...

The technology of generating and harnessing light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon. The...

Whole slide imaging (WSI), also known as virtual slide microscopy or digital pathology, is a technology that involves the...

Deep ultraviolet (DUV or deep-UV) refers to a specific range of ultraviolet light with shorter wavelengths than those in the...

The use of retroreflective projection technology (RPT) to project a background image onto a masked object, such as a vehicle...

A hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, meaning they have a strong affinity for...

An optical instrument designed to displace the line of sight in a vertical direction. For submarines and other military uses...

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...

The process whereby the number of atoms or atomic systems in a set of energy levels is changed by the absorption of light...

A solar simulator is a device used to replicate the spectrum and intensity of sunlight in a controlled environment for...

Used in computer design for optical systems with common parts and different applications.

A photonic cavity, also known as an optical cavity, is a structure that confines electromagnetic radiation within a certain...

A sapphire window refers to a transparent optical component made from sapphire crystal. Sapphire is a single-crystal form of...

Nanoparticle photonic resonator absorption microscopy is a microscopy technique that combines the principles of photonic...

A silicon photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It is a type of photodetector...

A phase screen, in the context of optics and wave optics, refers to a surface or medium that introduces a phase delay to an...

In the context of optics and lasers, a transverse mode refers to a specific spatial pattern of the electric field within the...

Discipline within optical physics that addresses sound vibration, phonon effects and their influencing behavior within...

Infrared optics refer to optical components and systems designed to manipulate and control infrared (IR) light, which lies...

The term quantum refers to the fundamental unit or discrete amount of a physical quantity involved in interactions at the...

A fluorophore is a molecule or a portion of a molecule that has the ability to emit light upon excitation by an external...

A strip or annulus of glass coated with a semitransparent material such as inconel. The coating thickness, and as a result...

Hyperspectral resolution refers to the level of detail or granularity in the spectral information captured by a...

In optics, a motion controller refers to a device or system that precisely controls the movement of optical components, such...

The manifestation of light from scatterers outside the plane of the object in coherent light systems. The output of these...

A means of adjusting the sharpness of an image automatically, with a sensor for estimating distance or contrast and a drive...

Remote sensing is a method of data collection and observation where information about objects, areas, or phenomena on...

Signal used in optical transmission systems to generate currents in a detector that are decoded with reference to a...

Optical coatings are thin layers of materials applied to optical components, such as lenses, mirrors, filters, and prisms,...

Digital signal processing (DSP) refers to the manipulation and analysis of signals, which are representations of physical...

A microlens array is a grid-like structure composed of numerous small lenses, typically arranged in a regular pattern. Each...

A type of microscope that uses radiation in the infrared region to illuminate objects that are opaque to visible radiation....

An optical assembly refers to a collection of optical components that are carefully arranged and aligned to perform a...

In optical communication systems, operations in which the amplitude of the pulses, as opposed to their width, determines the...

A fiber-coupled photoconductive antenna (FCPA) is a type of optoelectronic device that combines a photoconductive antenna...

The use of computer analysis in the calculation of diffraction patterns for information on the design of optical systems. In...

A phenomenon that occurs in WDM and DWDM systems when three closely spaced signal wavelengths near the zero-dispersion...

GigE, short for gigabit Ethernet, refers to a standard for high-speed Ethernet communication, capable of transmitting data...

An optical channel monitor (OCM) is a device used in optical communication systems to monitor and analyze the performance of...

A galvanometric scanner, also known as a galvanometer scanner or galvo scanner, is a type of optical scanning device used to...

A circuit incorporated into counter systems that records only pulses that have amplitudes between two preselected limits.

An optical barcode reader, commonly known as a barcode scanner, is a device that uses optical technology to capture and...

An infrared light-emitting diode (IR LED) is a semiconductor device that emits infrared light when an electric current...

Optoelectronics is a branch of electronics that focuses on the study and application of devices and systems that use light...

A computer-generated routine for achieving true-temperature readings in thermal infrared imaging systems.

Broadband dielectric mirrors, also known as broadband mirrors, are optical coatings designed to efficiently reflect or...

Optical design software refers to specialized computer programs used by optical engineers, physicists, and designers to...

In optics, the term image jump refers to a displacement or shift in the apparent position of an image when a change occurs...

Material used to integrate photoconductors into electro-optical systems. It should provide low resistance to the flow of...

Metrology is the science and practice of measurement. It encompasses the theoretical and practical aspects of measurement,...

A photodiode detector is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It operates based on the...

Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...

Energy loss encountered at connectors in optical fiber transmission systems. The major contributors are mutual core...

A concave mirror that has the form of a paraboloid of revolution. The paraboloidal mirror may have only a portion of a...

An optical combiner, in the context of optics and display technologies, refers to a device or component that combines...

Plastic optics refers to optical components or systems that are made from transparent plastic materials, as opposed to...

A microring resonator is a compact optical device that utilizes the resonant behavior of light within a small ring-shaped...

Means of correcting laser postweld shift. The correction procedure is applied to optoelectronic systems such as laser diode...

A blue diode laser is a type of semiconductor laser that emits light in the blue wavelength range of the electromagnetic...

A holographic camera, also known as a holographic imaging system or holographic recorder, is a specialized device used to...

In micropositioning systems, motion (most frequently undesired) about the Z-axis.

Embedded vision refers to the integration of computer vision technologies into various embedded systems, devices, or...

A ring laser gyroscope (RLG) is a type of gyroscope that uses laser light to detect and measure changes in orientation. It...

The area of optics in which the propagation of light is described by geometrical lines (or rays) governed by Fermat's...

Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) is a semiconductor alloy composed of gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and phosphorus (P). It...

A fiber laser is a type of laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth ions such as...

The angular spectrum approach is a mathematical and computational technique used in the field of optics to analyze and...

A Peltier cooler, also known as a thermoelectric cooler (TEC) or thermoelectric module, is a solid-state device that uses...

In the context of electronics and optics, an isolator refers to a device that allows the transmission of signals in one...

Frame rate refers to the frequency at which consecutive images, or frames, are displayed in a video sequence. It is...

A beam shaper is an optical device or system designed to modify the spatial profile or intensity distribution of a laser or...

A CMOS image sensor, short for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor image sensor, is a type of semiconductor device used...

A night-vision device that uses one or more infrared transducers to scan a scene in the 3- to 5-µm or 8- to...

Chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is a technique used in laser physics to amplify ultrashort laser pulses to high energies...

Directed energy refers to a type of energy that is emitted and transferred in a controlled direction. The term is often...

Chromatic aberration is an optical phenomenon that occurs when different wavelengths (colors) of light are refracted by a...

Self-phase modulation (SPM) is a nonlinear optical phenomenon that occurs when an intense laser beam passes through a...

Free-space optics (FSO), also known as optical wireless communication or optical wireless networking, refers to the...

Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that involves the use of artificial neural networks to model and solve complex...

A pulsed interferometer that permits the continuous quantitative mapping of the surface deformation of an adaptive optical...

Infrared (IR) refers to the region of the electromagnetic spectrum with wavelengths longer than those of visible light, but...

An infrared imaging device composed of a detector array and readout electronics. It may include a cryogenic cooling system....

Photographing of terrain on the ground and objects in the air by cameras mounted in aircraft; utilized in satellites,...

An aspheric lens is a type of lens whose surface profiles deviate from the traditional spherical shape. Unlike spherical...

Conductor element for use in integrated electro-optic systems that measures current flowing through it.

A long-pass filter is an optical filter that allows longer wavelengths of light to pass through while blocking or...

A fiber optic cable assembly refers to a complete unit consisting of optical fibers, connectors, protective jackets, and...

A standard for fiber optic data transmission systems being developed by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and...

Instantaneous field of view (iFOV) is a term commonly used in the context of remote sensing, imaging systems, and optical...

The pattern of lines traced by rectilinear scanning in display systems.

A reticle, also known as a reticule or graticule, is a pattern or set of markings placed in the focal plane of an optical...

Power modulation refers to the intentional variation of power levels in a signal, often in the context of electronic...

A single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a specialized type of photodetector designed to detect extremely weak optical...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that measures changes in hemoglobin...

A mixed-signal oscilloscope (MSO) is a type of electronic test instrument that combines the capabilities of both a...

In vitro is a Latin term that translates to "in glass." In scientific contexts, particularly in biology and medicine, it...

A method of measuring distance by recording a single scene from two points of perspective. Surveying instruments can be...

1. An optical distance finder that depends on triangulation of two convergent beams on an object from disparate view points....

In compact disc systems, the two principal frame formats for data storage. Mode 1 devotes 2048 bytes to user data, reserving...

Optical manufacturing tools and machinery encompass a wide range of equipment, instruments, and systems used in the...

Photolithography is a key process in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and...

Optical design and engineering services involve the development, customization, and optimization of optical systems and...

Backscatter refers to the phenomenon in which radiation or waves are scattered backward, opposite to the direction of the...

Magneto-optics refers to the study and manipulation of the interaction between magnetic fields and light (electromagnetic...

Seidel aberrations refer to a set of monochromatic aberrations in optical systems, named after the German mathematician and...

Integrated photonics is a field of study and technology that involves the integration of optical components, such as lasers,...

An achromat, in the context of optics, refers to a type of lens or lens system designed to reduce chromatic aberration....

Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of...

A lens is a transparent optical device that focuses or diverges light, allowing it to pass through and form an image. Lenses...

A computer whose architecture contains several CPU chips arranged in parallel. Often used in image processing systems.

Calorimetry is a branch of science that involves the measurement of heat flow in physical or chemical processes. It...

Refers to a variety of methods and tools used to determine the surface contour and performance of optical components and...

A dark-field microscope used to view extremely small objects. These objects are suspended in a gas or liquid in an enclosure...

Optofluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from optics and fluidics to create devices and systems...

A crystal, glass, or quartz slicing and cutting machine is a specialized piece of equipment used in the manufacturing...

Machine learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on the development of algorithms and...

Spatial resolution refers to the level of detail or granularity in an image or a spatial dataset. It is a measure of the...

Harmonic generation refers to a nonlinear optical process in which incoming photons interact with a material and produce new...

A dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) refers to a type of optical fiber designed to minimize the effects of chromatic dispersion,...

A filter designed to improve contrast in an imaging system. For visual and black and white photosystems, a yellow filter is...

A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or...

Diffraction efficiency is a measure of how effectively a diffractive optical element (DOE) or diffraction grating directs...

End-fire coupling refers to a method of coupling energy into or out of a waveguide, transmission line, or antenna, where the...

An acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is a device that utilizes the interaction between sound waves and light waves to modulate...

A modulator is a device or component that modifies a carrier signal in order to encode information for transmission over a...

Attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy (APAP) is an advanced technique in ultrafast spectroscopy that allows...

A distributed feedback laser (DFB laser) is a type of semiconductor laser diode designed to emit coherent, narrow-bandwidth...

A Dammann grating is a type of diffractive optical element (DOE) used to create an array of equally spaced,...

An infrared lens is an optical component specifically designed and optimized for transmitting, focusing, or manipulating...

A defect in infrared systems that appears as a dark circular area on a displayed image, caused by radiation reflecting into...

A fiber optic transceiver, often simply referred to as an "optical transceiver," is a device used in fiber optic...

A machine vision lens is a specialized optical lens designed for use in machine vision systems, which are used for automated...

Nanopositioning refers to the precise and controlled movement or manipulation of objects or components at the nanometer...

A category of systems designed to communicate a photo taken from the air (e.g., aircraft, balloon, satellite) to a ground...

Nonlinear optics is a branch of optics that studies the optical phenomena that occur when intense light interacts with a...

A gyroscope is a mechanical device consisting of a spinning disk or wheel mounted on a spinning axis in such a way that its...

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is a display technology that combines liquid crystal materials with silicon-based...

Etaloning is an optical phenomenon that occurs in imaging systems, particularly in devices such as spectrometers,...

A cooling system used to attain and maintain desired low temperatures in infrared systems. The Stirling type is a mechanical...

The movement of the eye as it focuses on details of a scene. Some imaging systems mimic this movement by small, rapid...

A calcium indicator is a molecule that is sensitive to changes in calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations in biological systems....

The material favored for study of interaction of high-acoustic intensities with free carriers. Tellurium is the...

1. The process of aligning the optical axes of optical systems to the reference mechanical axes or surfaces of an...

A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance, which is a phenomenon that occurs when an external force or...

A device used in solar systems to direct mirror-reflected sunlight to a heat absorber and heat-driven engine, which turns a...

A Kerr soliton refers to a specific type of soliton, a self-reinforcing wave packet, that arises in nonlinear optical...

An arc flash is a sudden release of electrical energy due to an electric arc — a continuous, high-current discharge of...

Photovoltaic (PV) refers to a technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductors. The term...

Freeform mirrors refer to reflective optical components that deviate from traditional symmetric or rotationally symmetric...

RTSP, or real-time streaming protocol, is a network control protocol designed for controlling streaming media servers. It is...

Photonics contract manufacturing refers to the outsourcing of the production of photonics-related components, devices, or...

The Casimir force is a quantum phenomenon that results in an attractive force between two closely spaced uncharged...

A diffraction pattern sampling unit composed of a 32-element monolithic silicon photodiode array and a readout unit. The...

Refers to micron-size complex machines that have physical dimensions suitable for the fabrication of optical switches for...

A family of lenses commonly used in scan systems for reading or printing documents. The lens must be designed such that the...

An LED (light-emitting diode) is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it. LEDs...

Attosecond photonics sources refer to devices or systems that generate extremely short pulses of light on the order of...

Laser drift typically refers to a phenomenon where the frequency or wavelength of a laser source gradually changes over...

In infrared imaging systems used for mass screening of printed circuit boards or other quality control applications, an...

Optical switching refers to the process of controlling the routing or transmission of optical signals within a network using...

A 2D profile sensor is a type of sensor used in various industrial and technological applications to measure and capture...

Anisotropy refers to the property of exhibiting different values or characteristics when measured in different directions....

The relative path difference (or phase shift) traveled between two rays that pass through different mediums from the same...

An alteration in magnification from the center of the field to any point in the field, measured in a radial direction from...

A metalens, short for "metasurface lens," is a type of optical lens that uses nanostructured materials to manipulate light...

The point spread function (PSF) is a fundamental concept in imaging that describes the response of an imaging system to a...

Sapphire optical fiber is a type of optical fiber made from single-crystal sapphire, which is a form of aluminum oxide...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...

Laser texturing is a manufacturing process that involves using a laser beam to selectively modify the surface of a material,...

Optical cements and adhesives are specialized materials used in the assembly and bonding of optical components in optical...

An infrared light source is a device that emits light in the infrared spectrum, which lies beyond the visible spectrum of...

Enhanced picture archiving and communication system (PACS) display (ePAD) is a software tool used in medical imaging to...

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a mechanism describing the transfer of energy between two closely spaced...

Positioning generally refers to the determination or identification of the location or placement of an object, person, or...

Machine vision, also known as computer vision or computer sight, refers to the technology that enables machines, typically...

A linear image sensor is a type of solid-state electronic device used to capture and convert light into electrical signals....

Designed for the function of optical wavefront analysis. Shack-Hartmann camera aberration sensors use a lens array to image...

Freeform optics refers to the design and fabrication of optical surfaces that do not follow traditional symmetric shapes,...

An APD detector, or avalanche photodiode detector, is a type of photodetector used to detect light or optical signals by...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics and biomedical research to obtain...

Lidar, short for light detection and ranging, is a remote sensing technology that uses laser light to measure distances and...

A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiode is a type of photodetector that consists of metal electrodes on a semiconductor...

Computer numerically controlled (CNC) grinding is a manufacturing process that utilizes computerized controls and precision...

A molded lens is an optical lens manufactured using a molding process, typically involving the shaping of a material, such...

An endoscope is a medical device used for visualizing and examining the interior of hollow organs, body cavities, or...

An autocollimator is an optical instrument used for measuring small angular deviations with high precision. It operates on...

Multi-axis alignment refers to the process of aligning or adjusting components or systems in multiple spatial dimensions or...

Pushbroom scanning is a technique used in remote sensing and imaging systems, particularly in satellite and aerial sensors,...

A neuromorphic vision sensor is a type of imaging device designed to mimic the structure and functioning of the human visual...

A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is a compact and integrated device that incorporates multiple photonic components and...

An optical coupling device that uses light to bridge the gap between incompatible wire communications systems. It contains...

Micro-LED (micro-light-emitting diode) refers to a technology that involves the use of very small light-emitting diodes to...

Micro-robotics refers to the field of robotics that involves the design, development, and application of miniature robotic...

A spheric lens, also known as a spherical lens, is a type of optical lens with at least one surface that is part of a...

A liquid crystal light valve (LCLV), also known as a spatial light modulator (SLM), is an optical device that modulates the...

Metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength-scale artificial structures, often referred to as meta-atoms or...

Dispersion refers to the phenomenon where different wavelengths (colors) of light travel at different speeds when passing...

An impurity-doped silicon detector array sensitive to long infrared wavelengths, installed in optical collecting systems...

Attenuation refers to the gradual loss or reduction of intensity, force, or magnitude of a particular property as it...

A retroreflector is an optical device or structure that reflects incident light or electromagnetic waves back to their...

Rare earth dopants refer to elements from the lanthanide series, also known as rare earth elements, that are intentionally...

Thin-film deposition equipment refers to machinery and tools used in the process of depositing thin layers of material onto...

Optical materials refer to substances or compounds specifically chosen for their optical properties and used in the...

A well plate, also known as a microplate or microtiter plate, is a flat plate with multiple small wells or depressions...

Phase distortion refers to a change in the phase relationships between different frequency components of a signal. In the...

Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of...

Blaze height typically refers to a parameter in the context of diffraction gratings, which are optical devices consisting of...

An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without a human pilot onboard. UAVs are remotely...

Concave is an adjective used to describe a surface or shape that curves inward or has a hollow or recessed appearance. In...

Visible laser radiation, often optically expanded and collimated, used to induced temporary blindness from within a walking...

1. The direct storage of data as bits in memory using optical systems and properties. The memory makes use of a laser beam...

Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...

Resonance can be defined in various contexts, including physics, chemistry, and music. Here are definitions for resonance in...

Machine vision lighting refers to the use of specific lighting techniques and equipment in the field of machine vision,...

Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the...

A cathode-ray tube that generates symbols for use in other displays. The tube operates by scanning specific characters on...

Fused quartz and silica are closely related materials, both composed primarily of silicon dioxide (SiO2), but they are...

A GaAlAs laser is a type of semiconductor laser diode that emits light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic...

The code used to describe the United States system of color telecasting.

A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....

In optics, "mode beating" refers to an interference phenomenon that can occur in laser systems with multiple longitudinal...

In Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), an incident photon (usually laser light) interacts with acoustic phonons in a...

Pyramid error in optics refers to an aberration in the shape of an optical surface, particularly in the context of mirrors....

Spherical aberration is an optical aberration that occurs when light rays passing through a lens or curved optical surface...

GaN (Gallium Nitride) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers refer to a specific type of semiconductor laser based on Gallium...

A term used to denote a difference in magnification along mutually perpendicular meridians. Anamorphic systems are basically...

Diamond turning, also known as diamond machining or diamond cutting, is a precision machining process used to produce...

Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) refers to a technology that converts heat energy into electricity using the principles of...

Line scan refers to a method of capturing images or data by scanning a single line at a time, as opposed to capturing the...

An accelerometer is a sensor or transducer that measures the rate of change of velocity of an object, or in simpler terms,...

Photoresist is a light-sensitive material used in photolithography processes, particularly in the fabrication of...

A fiber-coupled LED (light-emitting diode) refers to an LED device that is optically coupled to an optical fiber for the...

The effect discovered by Faraday in 1845 whereby nonoptically active materials or substances become capable of rotating the...

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional environment or experience that can be...

I/O stands for input/output. In computing, it refers to the communication between a computer system or program and its...

In coherent optical communications systems, a laser used at the receiving end to produce a steady wave that is combined with...

Phototoxicity refers to the harmful effects caused by exposure to light, particularly intense or ultraviolet (UV) light, on...

A type of transversely excited laser with a uniform arc-free discharge of large cross-sectional area that can be scaled to...

Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is a precision optics polishing technique used for shaping and finishing optical surfaces...

The use of thin flexible glass or plastic fibers as wave guides — or "light pipes" — to channel light from one...

A scintillation crystal, also known simply as a scintillator, is a material that emits light when it interacts with ionizing...

Unlike the thermocouple or bolometer, the pyroelectric infrared detector is a current source with an output proportional to...

An isotope of cesium that emits negative beta particles and has a half-life of 2.19 years; its applications include...

A crystalline material with a high electro-optic coefficient, capable of operating at short wavelengths, with applications...

Laser lithotripsy is a medical procedure that uses laser energy to break down or fragment stones in various parts of the...

A helium-neon (HeNe) laser is a type of gas laser that emits visible red light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. It operates...

FMCW lidar stands for frequency-modulated continuous wave lidar. It is a type of lidar (light detection and ranging)...

One of a class of crystalline substances belonging to triclinic, monoclinic and orthorhombic systems that have two optic...

Computer vision enables computers to interpret and make decisions based on visual data, such as images and videos. It...

In the context of thin film deposition processes such as evaporation or sputtering, masks are used to selectively deposit...

Graphene is a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal...

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a miniaturized device that integrates various laboratory functions and capabilities onto a single,...

The process of determining, with the aid of plane-polarized light, the stress distribution in materials under complex...

A discipline that combines optics and genetics to enable the use of light to stimulate and control cells in living tissue,...

Multispectral imaging is a technique that involves capturing and analyzing images at multiple discrete spectral bands within...

A fiber optic imaging bundle is a specialized optical device composed of multiple optical fibers bundled together. Each...

Parallel scanning refers to a method of acquiring data or images simultaneously from multiple sources or in parallel, rather...

Optical noise refers to undesirable fluctuations or disturbances in an optical signal that can affect the quality or...

A cylindrical lens is an optical component that has different curvatures along its two orthogonal axes, resulting in a shape...

A spectral signature, in the context of remote sensing and spectroscopy, refers to the unique pattern or characteristic...

A femtosecond laser is a type of laser that emits ultrashort pulses of light with durations on the order of femtoseconds,...

A function that quantifies the performance degradation of coherent communications systems, imaging systems and all systems...

A photovoltaic cell, commonly known as a solar cell, is a semiconductor device that directly converts light energy into...

Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by the presence of suspended particles. These...

A fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is a type of gyroscope that uses the interference of light waves to detect changes in...

Optical fiber optic switches are devices used in optical fiber communication systems to selectively route optical signals...

In chemistry, a halide refers to a chemical compound containing one or more halogen atoms bonded to another element. The...

Photometry is the branch of science that deals with the measurement of light, particularly in terms of its intensity and the...

A mirror blank refers to the initial piece of material from which a mirror is made. It is typically a flat or slightly...

The use of computer systems for monitoring and controlling industrial production.

An optical testing instrument is a device or system used to evaluate and measure the performance, quality, and...

A confocal resonator, also known as a confocal cavity or confocal laser resonator, is a type of optical resonator...

A dichroic mirror, also known as a dichroic beamsplitter or interference filter beamsplitter, is an optical device that...

A receiver for optical communications systems consisting of a symmetric binary, pulse-code-modulated transmitter, a...

A mirror mount is a mechanical device used to secure and precisely position mirrors in optical systems. Mirrors are...

A nanotube, also known as a nanotubule or simply a tube-like structure, is a nanoscale cylindrical structure composed of...

A vibrational transition refers to a change in the vibrational energy of a molecule. Molecules consist of atoms that are...

A system of modular mechanical components for building precision optical systems. The basic equipment includes a variety of...

With respect to display systems, a device that uses an independent light source and a control-layer medium, the active...

MTF analysis/measurement equipment refers to instruments and tools used to measure and analyze the modulation transfer...

Linear receive optics typically refers to the optical components and systems used in the reception (detection) of linearly...

Camera Link HS (high speed) is a standard developed for high-speed digital data transmission in machine vision and...

The term used in reference to vacuum systems using oil and diffusion pumps, describes the migration of pump fluids and their...

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) refers to a set of safety features and technologies designed to assist drivers in...

An optical correlator incorporating a binary phase-only spatial light modulator made from an iron garnet magneto-optic solid...

Metabolic imaging refers to the visualization and quantification of metabolic processes within living organisms, tissues, or...

A characterization of the throughput performance of data storage systems; the EDR is the total of data retrieved divided by...

A Risley prism, also known as a Risley prism pair or Risley rotating prism, is an optical device used for controlling the...

Aplanatic points refer to specific points in an optical system where certain aberrations, such as spherical aberration or...

An electron-gun system is an assembly used to generate and control a focused beam of electrons. Electron guns find...

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) refers to a technology used in the fabrication of integrated circuits,...

Off-axis paraboloid and ellipsoid mirrors are specialized optical components used in various optical systems, particularly...

The optical Fourier transform is a mathematical operation applied to optical signals that involves transforming a spatial...

The combination of two or more signals for transmission along a single wire, path or carrier. In most optical communication...

1. A device used in chemistry to compare the colors of solutions held in flat-bottomed tubes and viewed along the length of...

Linear optics refers to the study and manipulation of light in a linear and deterministic manner, where the response of...

A coherent fiber bundle (CFB), also known as a coherent fiber optic bundle, is an assembly of multiple optical fibers...

An edge-emitting light-emitting diode is a type of LED structure where light emission occurs primarily along the edge of the...

An antireflection coating (AR coating) is a thin film or coating applied to optical surfaces, such as lenses or windows, to...

An etalon is an optical device that consists of two parallel reflecting surfaces separated by a precise and known distance....